DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.datomic.com

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.datomic.com

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cognitect

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Oracle

Initial release

2014

2012

2016

2010

2007

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.0.6735, June 2023

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Planned for future releases

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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