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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. CrateDB vs. Kinetica vs. LMDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. CrateDB vs. Kinetica vs. LMDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseDistributed Database based on LuceneFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database librarySpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcratedb.comwww.kinetica.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcratedb.com/­docsdocs.kinetica.comwww.lmdb.tech/­docspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationCrateKineticaSymasApache Software Foundation
Initial release20142013201220112014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20197.1, August 20210.9.32, January 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC, C++CScala
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitySQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions (Javascript)user defined functionsnono
Triggersnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Configurable replication on table/partition-levelSource-replica replicationnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users and roles on table levelnono
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixCrateDBKineticaLMDBSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

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More resources
Apache PhoenixCrateDBKineticaLMDBSpark SQL
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