DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. CouchDB vs. Pinecone vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. CouchDB vs. Pinecone vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

A managed, cloud-native vector database

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	3.23
Rank	#92	Overall
	#2	Vector DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

docs.pinecone.io/docs/overview

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Pinecone Systems, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2014

2005

2019

2014

2010

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

3.3.3, December 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Erlang

Scala

Java, C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

String, Number, Boolean

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

View functions in JavaScript

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

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Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month
2 June 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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