DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.datomic.com

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.datomic.com

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cockroach Labs

Cognitect

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2014

2015

2012

2013

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

23.1.1, May 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

Clojure
Java

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

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