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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdocs.citusdata.comspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationSpotifyMicrosoftVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20142010201420162010
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20198.1, December 201811.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJavaC++Java, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noTransact SQLJava
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Apache PhoenixCitusHeroicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseVoltDB
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