DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. Hazelcast vs. MySQL vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. Hazelcast vs. MySQL vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Widely used open source RDBMS

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.92
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Website

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.citusdata.com

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

dev.mysql.com/doc

ravendb.net/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Hazelcast

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

2014

2010

2008

1995

2010

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

8.1, December 2018

5.3.6, November 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

yes

proprietary syntax

yes

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes

Replicated Map

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Authorization levels configured per client per database

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