DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. Dolt vs. Newts

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Citus vs. Dolt vs. Newts

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

A MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schema

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.96
Rank	#193	Overall
	#90	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.citusdata.com

github.com/dolthub/dolt
www.dolthub.com

opennms.github.io/newts

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.citusdata.com

docs.dolthub.com

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

DoltHub Inc

OpenNMS Group

Initial release

2014

2010

2018

2014

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

8.1, December 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

CLI Client
HTTP REST

HTTP REST
Java API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

currently in alpha release

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

A database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Only one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startup

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

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