DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. ArcadeDB vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. ArcadeDB vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Fast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewritten

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Well established RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS

in next version

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#358	Overall
	#48	Document stores
	#38	Graph DBMS
	#52	Key-value stores
	#35	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

arcadedb.com

dgraph.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.arcadedb.com

dgraph.io/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Arcade Data

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Actian Corporation

Initial release

2014

2021

2016

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

September 2021

11.2, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Ingres Replicator

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

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Recent citations in the news

Supercharge SQL on Your Data in Apache HBase with Apache Phoenix | Amazon Web Services
2 June 2016, AWS Blog

Bridge the SQL-NoSQL gap with Apache Phoenix
4 February 2016, InfoWorld

Apache Calcite, FreeMarker, Gora, Phoenix, and Solr updated
27 March 2017, SDTimes.com

Azure HDInsight Analytics Platform Now Supports Apache Hadoop 3.0
18 April 2019, eWeek

Deep dive into Azure HDInsight 4.0
25 September 2018, Microsoft

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Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph launches Slash GraphQL, a GraphQL-native database Backend-as-a-Service
10 September 2020, TechCrunch

Dgraph Raises $6M in Seed Funding
20 July 2022, FinSMEs

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

provided by Google News

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26 December 2023, The Register

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Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
24 September 2021, Integration Developers

Dr. Michael Stonebraker: A Short History of Database Systems
1 February 2019, The New Stack

provided by Google News

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