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DBMS > Apache Kylin vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Kylin vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#172  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitekylin.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationkylin.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncGoogleMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Stardog-Union
Initial release20152017201020042010
Current release3.1.0, July 2020V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache KylinGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameStardog
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