DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/spotify/heroic

github.com/google/leveldb

rethinkdb.com

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

spotify.github.io/heroic

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

Spotify

Google

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

2000

2017

2014

2011

2009

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

1.23, February 2021

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

users and table-level permissions

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services

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