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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRDF storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.75
Rank#84  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlwww.firebirdsql.orgcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsFirebird FoundationGoogleSpotifyGoogle
Initial release20002000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201720142011
Current release4.9.0, July 20235.0.0, January 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nono
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPSQLnonono
Triggersyes infovia event handleryesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecurityUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBFirebirdGoogle Cloud SpannerHeroicLevelDB
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