DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. GBase vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. GBase vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io

www.gbase.cn

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Oracle

Initial release

2000

2016

2004

2010

1980

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, Java, Python

Erlang

C and C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Planned for future releases

yes

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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