DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. InfluxDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. InfluxDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Primary database model

RDF store

Wide column store

Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	25.83
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cassandra.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.ontotext.com

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Google

Ontotext

Initial release

2000

2008

2015

2000

2013

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

4.1.3, July 2023

10.4, October 2023

2.7.6, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

none

Sharding

in enterprise version only

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on used storage engine

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

simple rights management via user accounts

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.