DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Cassandra vs. GeoSpock vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Cassandra vs. GeoSpock vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Spatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scale

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Time Series DBMS

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	98.83
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	3.95
Rank	#80	Overall
	#42	Relational DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cassandra.apache.org

geospock.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

GeoSpock

Microsoft

SAP

formerly Sybase

Initial release

2000

2008

2019

1992

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

4.1.3, July 2023

2.0, September 2019

cloud service with continuous releases

17, July 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

Java, Javascript

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

temporal, categorical

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

ANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Automatic sharding

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users can be defined per table

Azure Active Directory Authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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