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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. ArangoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. ArangoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRDF storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.87
Rank#94  Overall
#4  RDF stores
Score3.09
Rank#83  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#11  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score2.70
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score654.34
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlarangodb.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmldocs.arangodb.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsArangoDB Inc.GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2000201220171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.9.0, July 20233.11.5, November 202316.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infovia event handlernonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infosince version 2.0Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecurityyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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