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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. YDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#159  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#89  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.39
Rank#269  Overall
#43  Document stores
#126  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsydb.tech/­en/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerYandex
Initial release201820191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release1.1.0, April 20232.4.4, May 202416.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusPostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++, GoC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsActive-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBMilvusPostgreSQLYDB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
Apache IoTDBMilvusPostgreSQLYDB
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