DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. MaxDB vs. Oracle vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. MaxDB vs. Oracle vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

Widely used RDBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.32
Rank	#112	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	2.28
Rank	#115	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

maxdb.sap.com

www.oracle.com/database

pouchdb.com

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

docs.oracle.com/en/database

pouchdb.com/guides

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Oracle

Apache Software Foundation

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2018

1984

1980

2012

2004

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

7.9.10.12, February 2024

23c, September 2023

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

can be realized in PL/SQL

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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