DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. H2GIS vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. H2GIS vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Spatial extension of H2

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

iotdb.apache.org

www.h2gis.org

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

www.postgresql.org

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

www.postgresql.org/docs

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

CNRS

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2018

2013

2010

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2014

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

16.3, May 2024

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

Erlang

C++, Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

hosted

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

based on H2

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Sharding

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

yes

based on H2

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

based on H2

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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