DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. HyperSQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. HyperSQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	5.46
Rank	#61	Overall
	#7	Key-value stores

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Thomas Mueller

Hazelcast

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2018

2005

2008

2001

2000

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

Replicated Map

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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