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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. GeoMesa vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. GeoMesa vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#205  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.geomesa.orgwww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.org
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationCCRi and othersKineticaMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20182014201220192010
Current release1.1.0, April 20235.0.0, May 20247.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache License 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScalaC, C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)LinuxhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascript
Triggersyesnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)depending on storage layerShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasdepending on storage layerSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparkyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
depending on storage layerImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesdepending on storage layeryes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Apache IoTDBGeoMesaKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDB
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