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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Datomic vs. Graph Engine vs. HBase vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Datomic vs. Graph Engine vs. HBase vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.graphengine.iohbase.apache.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.datomic.comwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software FoundationCognitectMicrosoftApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetOpenLink Software
Initial release20182012201020081998
Current release1.1.0, April 20231.0.6735, June 20232.3.4, January 20217.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava, Clojure.NET and CJavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)All OS with a Java VM.NETLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenononoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Clojure
Java
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction Functionsyesyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peershorizontal partitioningShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesnoAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBDatomicGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityHBaseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache IoTDBDatomicGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityHBaseVirtuoso
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