DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Distributed Database based on Lucene

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#159	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#226	Overall
	#37	Document stores
	#5	Spatial DBMS
	#16	Search engines
	#19	Time Series DBMS
	#11	Vector DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	7.18
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

cratedb.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

realm.io

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

cratedb.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Crate

Microsoft

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2018

2013

1989

2014

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

5.8.1, August 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

Linux
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions (Javascript)

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

yes

rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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