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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sequoiadb vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sequoiadb vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orghughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.postgresql.orgwww.sequoiadb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHughes TechnologiesPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSequoiadb Ltd.OpenLink Software
Initial release201319941989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20131998
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.4, October 202116.2, February 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CCC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
proprietary protocol using JSONADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.JavaScriptyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDDocument is locked during a transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalamSQL infoMini SQLPostgreSQLSequoiadbVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
Apache ImpalamSQL infoMini SQLPostgreSQLSequoiadbVirtuoso
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