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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. Titan vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. Titan vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgorientdb.orgwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titantrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikitrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-UnionAurelius, owned by DataStaxApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20132010201020122014
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 20202.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language, no joinsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, Javascriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavayesJava Stored Procedures
TriggersnoHooksyes infovia event handlersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryesyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and rolesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaOrientDBStardogTitanTrafodion
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