DBMS > Apache Impala vs. MySQL vs. Solr vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. MySQL vs. Solr vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Widely used open source RDBMS

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Search engine

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	42.91
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.mysql.com

solr.apache.org

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

dev.mysql.com/doc

solr.apache.org/resources.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Apache Software Foundation

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2013

1995

2006

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

8.3.0, January 2024

9.5.0, February 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

proprietary syntax

Java plugins

Triggers

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

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