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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Transbase vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Transbase vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMSAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.htmlgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.htmlweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTransaction Software GmbHWeaviate B.V.
Initial release201320191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19872019
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.3.4, January 202416.2, February 2024Transbase 8.3, 20221.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial infofree development licenseOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusAiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++C++, GoCC and C++Go
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesno
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaMilvusPostgreSQLTransbaseWeaviate
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMilvusPostgreSQLTransbaseWeaviate
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