DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SwayDB vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SwayDB vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#382	Overall
	#59	Key-value stores

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#358	Overall
	#36	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

swaydb.simer.au

trino.io

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Simer Plaha

Trino Software Foundation

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2013

1989

2018

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2011

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GNU Affero GPL V3.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

C++

Scala

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

.Net

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
Kotlin
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

depending on connected data-source

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of operations

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

Based on Windows Authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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