DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB vs. TerarkDB vs. Tigris

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB vs. TerarkDB vs. Tigris

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Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

An open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

A horizontally scalable, ACID transactional, document database available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Key-value store
Search engine
Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#359	Overall
	#36	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#367	Overall
	#56	Key-value stores

Score	0.09
Rank	#363	Overall
	#49	Document stores
	#54	Key-value stores
	#22	Search engines
	#38	Time Series DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

openmldb.ai

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

www.tigrisdata.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

openmldb.ai/docs/zh/main

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

www.tigrisdata.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

4 Paradigm Inc.

ByteDance, originally Terark

Tigris Data, Inc.

Initial release

2013

1989

2020

2016

2022

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2024-2 February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial

restricted open source version available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C++, Java, Scala

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Fixed schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
SQLAlchemy

C++ API
Java API

CLI Client
gRPC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C++
Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using FoundationDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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