DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Prometheus vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Prometheus vs. StarRocks

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system

An open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics

Forked from Apache Doris

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.87
Rank	#201	Overall
	#94	Relational DBMS

Score	7.56
Rank	#49	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.95
Rank	#193	Overall
	#89	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

prometheus.io

www.starrocks.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

doc.nuodb.com

prometheus.io/docs

docs.starrocks.io/en-us/latest/introduction/StarRocks_intro

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

The Linux Foundation

since Feb 2023

Initial release

2013

1989

2013

2015

2020

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.3, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
MySQL protocol

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java, SQL

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range and hash)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

yes

by Federation

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

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