DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. openGauss vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. openGauss vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	5.52
Rank	#59	Overall
	#6	Search engines

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#367	Overall
	#56	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Huawei and openGauss community

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

2013

2015

1989

2019

2016

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.0, March 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C, C++, Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

ANSI SQL 2011

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Java

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

using Azure authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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