DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Splice Machine

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Splice Machine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Open-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	101.16
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.54
Rank	#252	Overall
	#115	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

splicemachine.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

splicemachine.com/how-it-works

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Splice Machine

Initial release

2013

1992

1989

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.1, March 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPL 3.0, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Shared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Yes, via Full Spark Integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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