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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseWidely used RDBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.marklogic.comwww.oracle.com/­databasequestdb.iowww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.marklogic.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasequestdb.io/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMarkLogic Corp.OracleQuestDB Technology IncStardog-Union
Initial release20132001198020142010
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.0, December 202223c, September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C and C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL92yes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaMarkLogicOracleQuestDBStardog
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
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