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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopIn-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverquestdb.iogithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJSlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverquestdb.io/­docsbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20132014198920142016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScriptC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScriptC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanono
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID for single-table writesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaLokiJSMicrosoft SQL ServerQuestDBTerarkDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
Apache ImpalaLokiJSMicrosoft SQL ServerQuestDBTerarkDB
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