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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP IQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopRDBMS for high security requirementsGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn-oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orglinter.ruazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQ
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Clouderarelex.ruMicrosoftMicrosoftSAP, formerly Sybase
Initial release20131990201419891994
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202216.1 SPS04, April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLJavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSAP/Sybase Replication Server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*noHadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLinterMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ
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