DBMS > Apache Impala vs. dBASE vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. dBASE vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SAP IQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

column-oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	9.70
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.64
Rank	#108	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.dbase.com

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Asthon Tate

Google

Microsoft

SAP, formerly Sybase

Initial release

2013

1979

2011

2014

1994

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

dBASE 2019, 2019

1.23, February 2021

16.1 SPS04, April 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

dBase proprietary IDE

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

SAP/Sybase Replication Server

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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