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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Netezza vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Netezza vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBM  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesData warehouse and analytics appliance part of IBM PureSystemsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score8.59
Rank#45  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­netezzawww.postgresql.orgravendb.net
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaLeanXcaleIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2013201520001989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 20245.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageC++CC#
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux infoincluded in applianceFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache Derbyyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Scala
C
C++
Fortran
Java
Lua
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLeanXcaleNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBMPostgreSQLRavenDB
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