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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Kuzu vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Kuzu vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonKuzu  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embeddable property Graph DBMS built for query speed and scalabilitySearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#402  Overall
#41  Graph DBMS
Score5.52
Rank#59  Overall
#6  Search engines
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgkuzudb.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.kuzudb.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftMicrosoftByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20132022201519892016
Current release4.1.0, June 20220.4.2, May 2024V1SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-lesshostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
Cypher Query Language
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Python
Rust
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnoyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaKuzuMicrosoft Azure AI SearchMicrosoft SQL ServerTerarkDB
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