DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Kdb vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Kdb vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	7.71
Rank	#49	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#94	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#367	Overall
	#56	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

kx.com

memgraph.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

code.kx.com

memgraph.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

2013

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

2017

1989

2016

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.6, May 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

free 32-bit version

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

similar paradigm used for internal processing

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

rights management via user accounts

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more

Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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