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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Kdb vs. Lovefield vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Kdb vs. Lovefield vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh performance Time Series DBMSEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score36.31
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgkx.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcode.kx.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, Sybase
Initial release20132000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1987
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.6, May 20182.1.12, February 201716.2, February 202416.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++qJavaScriptCC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (q)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java and Transact-SQL
Triggersnoyes infowith viewsUsing read-only observersyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosrights management via user accountsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaKdbLovefieldPostgreSQLSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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More resources
Apache ImpalaKdbLovefieldPostgreSQLSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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