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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RethinkDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RethinkDB vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Microsofts flagship relational DBMSDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#233  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrethinkdb.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlkairosdb.github.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverrethinkdb.com/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20132013198920092022
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.2.2, November 2018SQL Server 2022, November 20222.4.1, August 2020v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
TriggersnonoyesClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on Cassandratables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberossimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache ImpalaKairosDBMicrosoft SQL ServerRethinkDBSurrealDB
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