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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Microsofts flagship relational DBMSOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#233  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverravendb.netsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlkairosdb.github.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverravendb.net/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftHibernating RhinosSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20132013198920102022
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.2.2, November 2018SQL Server 2022, November 20225.4, July 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++C#Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on Cassandratables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberossimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache ImpalaKairosDBMicrosoft SQL ServerRavenDBSurrealDB
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