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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. dBASE vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. dBASE vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisondBASE  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopdBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.Well established RDBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.16
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.dbase.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasedocs.actian.com/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaAsthon TateActian CorporationGoogle
Initial release201319791974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2011
Current release4.1.0, June 2022dBASE 2019, 201912.0, July 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++
Server operating systemsLinuxDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
none infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources..NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCdBase proprietary IDEC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.yesno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneIngres Replicatornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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Apache ImpaladBASEIngresLevelDB
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