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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. InfinityDB vs. Neo4j vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. InfinityDB vs. Neo4j vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#59  Key-value stores
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgboilerbay.comneo4j.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualneo4j.com/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBoiler Bay Inc.Neo4j, Inc.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2013200220072005
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.05.23, August 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeschema-free and schema-optionalYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache LuceneNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handleryes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaInfinityDBNeo4jVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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