DBMS > Apache Impala vs. IBM Db2 vs. Immudb vs. PouchDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. IBM Db2 vs. Immudb vs. PouchDB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Key-value store

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	123.05
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	2.18
Rank	#114	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	103.35
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.ibm.com/products/db2

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

pouchdb.com

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

docs.immudb.io

pouchdb.com/guides

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

IBM

Codenotary

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2013

1983

host version

2020

2012

2000

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

12.1, October 2016

1.2.3, April 2022

7.1.1, June 2019

3.46.1 (13 August 2024), August 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

JavaScript

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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