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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilitiesCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orghsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidatawww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidatavertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftRocket SoftwareOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132001201019852005
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.7.2, June 2023V1212.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++CC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyesFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, SQLTransact SQLyesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoU2 Basicyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infoconfigurableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system basedfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureUniData,UniVerseVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
Apache ImpalaHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureUniData,UniVerseVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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