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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for Hadoopdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopCloud-based data warehousing serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orghive.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2013201220141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 202216.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Java
PHP
Python
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducePL/SQL, SQL PLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factoryesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaHiveIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBPostgreSQL
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