DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#265	Overall
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	21.72
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

github.com/spotify/heroic

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

postgis.net

www.postgres-xl.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

spotify.github.io/heroic

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

postgis.net/documentation

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Spotify

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

2014

2016

2005

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.4.2, February 2024

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
Java
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes

based on PostgreSQL

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

based on PostgreSQL

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

based on PostgreSQL

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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