DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Kinetica vs. TerarkDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Kinetica vs. TerarkDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.64
Rank	#236	Overall
	#109	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

github.com/spotify/heroic

www.kinetica.com

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

spotify.github.io/heroic

docs.kinetica.com

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Spotify

Kinetica

ByteDance, originally Terark

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2013

2014

2012

2016

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

7.1, August 2021

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted open source version available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C, C++

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Source-replica replication

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users and roles on table level

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

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Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
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Kinetica Delivers Real-Time Vector Similarity Search
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