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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Hazelcast vs. Heroic vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Hazelcast vs. Heroic vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA widely adopted in-memory data gridTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchRDBMS for high security requirementsFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orghazelcast.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroiclinter.ruazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHazelcastSpotifyrelex.ruMicrosoft
Initial release20132008201419902019
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesnoyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyes infoEventsnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoReplicated MapyesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaHazelcastHeroicLinterMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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