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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Realm vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Realm vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopSpatial extension of H2Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserealm.iowww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrealm.io/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCNRSMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Stardog-Union
Initial release20132013201020142010
Current release4.1.0, June 2022V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialOpen Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infobased on H2Transact SQLno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoChange Listenersyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infobased on H2yes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes infobased on H2fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaH2GISMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRealmStardog
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